When and how to use will & shall

When and how to use will & shall

نستخدمI'll = I will عندما نقرر فعل شيء أثناء الكلام:

.Oh, I've left the door open. I'll go and shut it*

.What would you like to drink? I'll have an orange juice, please*

.Did you phone Sara? Oh no, I forget. I'll phone her now*


لا تستطيع استخدام المضارع البسيط Present Simple : I go \ I do
في هذه الجمل:

.I'll go and shut the door . NOT I go and shut*

غالباً نستخدم I think I'll… وI don't think I'll… :

. I feel a bit hungry. I think I'll have something to eat*

.I don't think I'll go out tonight. I'm too tired*

في تعبير اللغة الانجليزية النفي منWill هو غالباً Won't = will not :

.I can see you're busy, so I won't stay long*

لا تستخدم will لتتحدث عن شي قد رتبت لفعله أنت:

.I'm going on holiday next Wednesday. NOT I'll go*

.Are you working tomorrow? NOT will you work*

غالباً نستخدم will في هذه الحالات:

لتقديم عرض لفعل شيء ما:

.That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it. NOT I help*

الموافقة على عمل شيء ما:

.A: You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back*

If you've finished with it? l

.B: Of course. I'll give it to you this afternoon. NOT I give*

الوعد بفعل شيء ما:

. Thanks for lending me the money*

I'll pay you back on Friday. NOT I pay

.I won't tell anyone what happened*

.I promise

طلب من شخص عمل شيء ما:

.Will you please be quiet? I'm trying to concentrate*

Will you shut the door, please? l*



يمكنك استخدام Won't لقول أن شخص رفض عمل شيء ما:

.I've tried to advise her but she won't listen. = she refuse to listen*

.The car won't start. I wonder what's wrong with it. =
the car "refuse" to start*

Shall I…? shall we…? l

تستخدم shall عادةً في أسئلة على النحو التالي
Shall I…? shall we…?

نستخدم هذه الأسئلة لسؤال شخص عن رأيه
(خصوصاً في العروض و الاقتراحات):

Shall I open the window? = do you want me to open the window? l*

I've got no money. What shall I do? = what do you suggest? l*

. shall we go? Just a minute. I'm not ready yet*

* Where shall we go this evening? l


مثال على shall I… و will you ؟

Shall I shut the door? = do you want me shut it? l*

.Will you shut the door? = I want you to shut it*

****************

لا نستخدم will لقول ما قد رتب له شخص ما
أو قرر فعله في المستقبل:

.Sara is working next week. NOT Sara will work*

. Are you going to watch television this evening? NOT will you watch*


بالنسبة لـ I'm working وAre you going toراجع الدروس السابقة.

غالباً عندما نتكلم عن المستقبل,
لا نقصد بذلك ما قرره الشخص لفعله, مثال:


Khaled: Do you think Sara will pass the exam? l

.Ahmed: Yes, she'll pass easily


She'll pass لا يقصد بذلكshe decided to pass,
أحمد هنا يقول ما يعتقد أنه سيحدث
فهو "يتنبأ" بالمستقبل.
فعندما نحاول التنبؤ بأحداث المستقبل نستخدمWill\Won't.

. Sara has been away. When she returns, she'll find a lot of changes*

.Where will you be this time next year? I'll be in USA*

.That plate is very hot. If you touch it, you'll burn yourself*

.Ahmed won't pass the examination. He hasn't worked hard for it*


نستخدم will مع:

.Probably *I'll probably be home late this evening

.I expect *I haven't seen Sara today. I expect she'll phone this evening

. I'm sure *Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass

I think *Do you think Sara will like the present we bought her? l

. I don't think *I don't think the exam will be very difficult

.I wonder *I wonder what will happen


بعد I hope نستخدم المضارع:

.I hope Sara phones this evening*

.I hope it doesn't rain tomorrow*


عادةً نستخدم will للتحدث عن المستقبل,
لكن أحياناً نستخدم will للتحدث عن الحاضر, مثال:

.Don't phone Sara now. She'll be busy. = I know she'll be busy now*


I shall…? We shall...? l

نستخدم shall فقط مع I و We

فنقولI shall أوI will, We shall أوWe will:

.I shall be tired this evening. OR I will be*

.We shall probably go to Bahrain for our holiday. OR We will probably go*



عند النفي تقولShall not أوShan't:

.I shan't be here tomorrow. OR I won't be*



لا تستخدم shall مع he\she\it\you\they:

.She will be very angry. NOT she shall be*

حـُـلم ,فرح ,غَيْم ..! معجبون بهذا